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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors related to sexual abuse, developing early psychopathologies after sexual abuse and the factors related to these psychopathologies. Methods: In this study, the sexually abused children and adolescents who were referred to Gazi University Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department for criminal reports between 2011 and 2012 were assessed retrospectively. Psychiatric diagnosis were made by using DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria. Results: The study included 107 sexually abused children. The sample consisted of 90 girls (84.1%) and 17 boys (15.9%). The number of participants who had a history of sexual abuse was 26 (24.2%). After the abuse, 77.6% of the patients were found to have a psychiatric diagnosis. It was also determined that having a psychiatric disorder history before the abuse, being abused by a known person out of the family, incest, multiple abuses, sexual abuse with penetration and accompanying physical violence is positively related to having a psychopathology after the abuse. It was detected in multiple logistic regression analysis that cases which had all of these three factors as having any psychiatric diagnosis before sexual abuse, being abused repeatedly and accompanying physical violence with sexual abuse, had the risk of having a psychopathology after the abuse 175 times higher than the others. Discussion: Early childhood sexual abuse often leads to mental health problems. Determining the factors associated with child sexual abuse and psychiatric disorders will be guiding at the follow-up and treatment of child sexual abuse cases. [Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2015; 16(4.000): 294-300]