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Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between psychological disorders and early maladap-tive schemas, the predictive level of early maladaptive schemas for psychological disorders, and the moderating role of gender in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and psychological disorders. Methods: The participants determined by the cluster sampling method consisted of 412 high school students, 230 (55.8%) female, 182 (44.2%) male, in the range of 14-18 years. Psychological Disorders for Adolescents-Psychological Disorders Form (PDIA-PDF) and Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 3 (YSQ-S3) were applied to participants. Results: According to regression analysis, the schema domains that predict the most for psychological disorders are discon-nection/rejection, impaired autonomy/performance, other-directedness, and vigilance/inhibition. In the mediation analysis related to the regulatory role of gender, while the level of disconnection/rejection schema area has a role to increase the level of attention deficit, depression, panic, generalized anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders in females; the same scheme area has a role to increase the level of conduct disorder in males. In addition, the impaired autonomy/performance schema area is another schema area that increased conduct disorder in males. Conclusion: In this study, it is detected that early maladaptive schemas predict psychological disorders and gender has a moderating role in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and psychological disorders. It is thought that determining the moderating role of gender will be beneficial for the treatment of psychological disorders and will contribute to preparing gender specific early intervention programs. [Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2020; 21(6.000): 600-608]