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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the possible risk factors of non-suicidal self injury (NSSI). Meth-ods: The study group consisted of 156 patients who were admitted to our outpatient clinic with NSSI or diagnosed with NSSI within the past year. In the control group, we included 156 patients with no NSSI from our outpatient clinic. The participants were administered to the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), COPE Inventory (COPE), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: Differences in terms of gender, marital status, working status and history of psychiatric treatment were not detected. The total CTQ-28 score and all subscale scores; DERS-16, BAI, and BDI scores of the patients with NSSI were significantly higher than the control group. In logistic regression analysis; suicide history, alcohol use, physical neglect and sexual abuse, increase in emotion regulation difficulty, substance use as a COPE subscale were found to be independent risk factors of NSSI whereas acceptance was found to be a protective factor. Conclusion: The findings of our study support the multifaceted and complex relationship between NSSI and childhood trauma, difficulty in emotion regulation, and coping strategies. According to our results people with NSSI have difficulty tolerating their negative internal lives and have less effective and less adaptive coping strategies. Acceptance-oriented psychotherapy interventions can be effective in reducing self-harm behavior in these individuals [Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2020; 21(4.000): 349-358]