Objective: Adverse sleep and wake patterns are associated with physical health com- plaints, including metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation- ship between delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) and napping during the day with metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Methods: This study was conducted on 10 065 participants aged 35-65 years using base- line data from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study. Delayed sleep phase syndrome was evaluated through a clinical interview to rule out the possi- bility that the sleep complaints were a result of psychiatric disorders. Logistic and linear regression models were used to determine associations.
Results: The severity of MetS was found to be higher in men, older age groups, married people, subjects with a lower education level, urban residents, smokers, people with low physical activity, and DSPS. In the fully adjusted model, the odds of having MetS were 26% (95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 1.48) higher in those with DSPS compared to those without DSPS. Additionally, the odds of MetS were 18% higher in people who napped less than 1 hour per day, 26% higher in those who napped 1-2 hours per day, and 21% higher in those who napped over 2 hours per day, compared to non-nappers. All of these associa- tions were statistically significant. The odds of having the severity of MetS were signifi- cantly 6% (95% CI: 0.01, 0.12) higher in those with DSPS compared to those without DSPS.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that DSPS and daytime napping are associ- ated with an increased risk of MetS. Interventions aimed at improving sleep quality are recommended as potential strategies to help reduce the risk of developing MetS.
Cite this article as: Hemati N, Alipourian A, Moradinazar M, et al. Associations between delayed sleep phase syndrome and daytime napping with the metabolic syndrome among adults; results from the Ravansar non-communicable disease (RaNCD) cohort study. Alpha Psychiatry. 2024;25(6):705-712.